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A. MAIRE. CONSTRUCTION OF CYLINDERS FOR LIGHT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 27, I918.

Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

A. MAIRE.

CONSTRUCTION OF CYLINDERS FOR LIGHT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLILATION FILED FEB. 27.1918.

Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I 7/]IIIIIIIIIIIIII/IIII/I/l/I/Il/I/III/I/l/II/I/Il/I/II/lI/IIIIA UNITED STATES PATENT ornrcii.

AUGUSTE MAIRE, 0F ARGENTEUIL, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO OCIETE LORRAINE DES ANCIENS ETABLISSEMENTS DE DIETRICH & CIE. DE LUNEVILLE, OF PARIS,

FRANCE.

CONSTRUCTION OF CYLINDERS FOR LIGHT IN TERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 18,1919.

Application filed February 27, 1918. Serial No. 219,507?

The object of the invention is a cylinder for light internal combustion engines which comprises essentially a cylinder and a cylinder head made in one piece in forged steel, andvalve chambers mounted upon the top of the cylinder head and made of a light metal such as aluminium.

The two valve chambers are cast in a single piece which is provided with bearing surfaces used for attaching the cam shaft case, and it also contains the projecting portion which is required for forming the upper part of the water jacket.

The method employed for attaching this valve chamber casting to the cylinder head. which is an especially simple one, forms one of the characteristic features of the invention. At the time of casting the piece. a steel assembling piece is placed in the sand, and it. forms the base of the valve chamber and also possesses two circular openings corresponding to the openings in this valve chamber. This piece contains a thm portion having numerous holes and extending through the mass of the, metal in such way as to form an intimate connection with this mass. The openings left in the cylinder head for the Valves are provided with bearing surfaces adapted to receive the corresponding surfaces of steel rings which are also screwed into the threaded openings of the steel assembling piece and are fastened to this piece by pins. The connection can be completed by the weldingsteel to steel of the edges of the assembling piece to the cylinder head, or by attaching these edges to the cylinder head by the use of screws.

The thin part of the assembling piece eX- tends out from the side of the valve chamber casting, and to this part is welded the sheet iron water jacket which is connected at the lower end, by brazing or autogenous welding, to a concave piece J which is previously attached around the cylinder by pins and is also brazed to the same.

The present cylinder construction which has Justbeen explained allowsof obtaining the niaxlmum strength which is compatible Wltll the required minimum of weight. It can be applied equally well to cylinders in groups of 2, 3, 4 etc., and to single cylinders.

The accompanying drawing shows an example of the present invention.

Figure 1 is a view, in partial vertical section, of a cylinder designed according to the invention, with the section taken perpendicular to the direction of the cam shaft.

Fig. 2 is a plan View of the top of this cylinder.

Fig. 3 is a view, partly in vertical section, along the axis of the cam shaft, and partly in elevation, of a pair of cylinders designed according to the invention.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, it is observed that in the cylinder constructed according to the invention, the cylinder proper A and the cylinder head M are made in one piece of forged steel.

Upon the cylinder head is mounted the casting B forming the valve chambers and provided with the projecting portion which is required for forming the ,upper part of the water-jacket, and also containing suitable parts for attaching the case used for the cam shaft. This casting B can be made of a light metal such as aluminium, and it is attached to the cylinder head in the following manner.

At the time of casting the piece B, a steel assembling piece C is placed in the sand, and this latter piece contains an extension in the shape of a thin part D-having numerous holes, the object of this disposition being to secure a close connection between the aluminium and the part C and to obtain the conditions which are essential to solidity and tightness. The lower surface of the piece C may then be machined according to the form of revolution either spherical or conical, and the top of the cylinder head is machined to a similar form. At the edge of the piece C is formed a thin lip E which lies against a similar lip F cast upon the steel cylinder head. Connection is made between B and the cylinder proper by means of the rings (i which screw into the piece C and bear upon a suitable surface provided on the cylinder, the rings being also attached to the piece C by the pins H. Watertight consaid assembling piece can be completed for cylinders disposed in pairs, as shown in Fig. 1, or in greater number,"without any change in the general principle of the above disposition.

The water jacket around thecylinder is made up of a piece of sheet iron I which is welded at the top to the projecting portion K of the aluminium piece, and. at the bottom to a concave piece J which is previously attached around the cylinder by pins and is also brazed to the same. hese pieces J can alsobe attached to the cylinder simply by the use of pins.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A cylinder for light .engines comprising a body and a head made in a single piece of forged steel, valve chambers cast in a single piece, assembled upon the top of the cylinder head and constructed in light metal such as aluminium, an assembling piece in steel forming the base of the valve chamber piece and intimately connected with the mass of metal of said valve chamber piece, being provided with a thin outer portion, steel rings for screwing into corresponding threaded openings in the steel assembling piece and fastened by pins to this piece, and a water acket in sheet metal whose lower part is attached by brazing or autogenous welding to the cylinder body tached to the assembling piece, and for the purpose 2. A cylinder for ing a body piece of forged steel, valve chambers cast and whose upper edge is atthin outer rim of the steel substantially as described set forth.

upper part of light engines compris-' and a head made in a single in a single piece in light metal and assembled upon the top of the cylinder head, this piece beingprovlded with a suitable bearin surface for mounting the covering case 0% the cam shaft and also possessing a projecting portion required for forming the the water jacket, an assembling piece 1n. steel formingthe base of the valve chamber piece, said assembling piece being provided with a thin outer portion and .also with an inner edge designed for welding to the steel cylinder head, steel rings for screwing into corresponding openingsin the steel assembling piece and fastened by pins to this piece, and a water jacket in sheet metal Whose lower part is attached by brazing or autogenous welding to the cylinder body and whose upper part is attached to the thin outer rim of the steel assembling piece, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

3. A cylinder for light engines comprising a body and a head made in a single piece of forged a single piece, assembled on the top of the cylinder head and constructed in light metal Such as aluminium, an assembling piece in steel forming the base of the valve chamber piece and provided with a thin outer portion containing a set of holes, designed to be embedded in the mass of the metal of the valve chamber piece during the operation of casting and provided with an outer extension adapted for welding to the sheet metal of the water'jacket, steel rings for screwing into corresponding threaded openings in the steel assembling piece and fastened by pins to this piece, and a water jacket in sheet metal whose lower part is attached by brazing or autogenous welding to the cylinder body and whose upper part is attached to the thin outer rim of the steel assembling piece, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AUGUSTE MAIRE.

Witnesses:

LOUIS Moses,

CHAS. P. PRESSLY.

steel, valve chambers cast in v 

